The Impact Of Family Formation Change On The Cognitive,...

In â€Å"The Impact of Family Formation Change on the Cognitive, Social, and Emotional Well-Being of the Next Generation in the section by Paul R. Amato, the author argues that single parent families are affected by many different things. This can change the social and emotional well-being of the child, which can lead to bad disciple. Children’s well-being is the issue addressed in â€Å"The Impact of Family Formation Change on the Cognitive, Social, and Emotional Well-Being of the Next Generation† by Paul R. Amato. The thesis of this essay is how being a single parent can differ from duel parenting. The author’s main claim is how children growing up with both parents are less likely than other children to have any kind of problems such as social†¦show more content†¦Half of recently divorced mother’s custody families and half from continuously duel parent families. The first year of their study, the children with divorced parents exhibited more behavioral and emotional problems than the children with duel married parents. However, two years after divorce children with single parents no longer had a high number of problems, although still a few difficulties for boys. The author refutes this idea by saying that despite this temporary improvement, a later wave of data collection revealed that the remarriage of the single parent was followed by additional problems among the children, especially with their daughters. His conclusion is that trying to make sense of this research can be frustrating, because the results of each study can vary considerably: some serious negative effects of divorce, others modest effects, and yet others have no effects. This is due to the different scenarios of studies like for example, it is important to consider the ages of the children, the reason why the family became a single family. In order to make research work in such complex body of research, social scientists use a technique known as meta- analysis. By using an effect size for each study (which reflects the difference between two groups by using an effect size for each study (which reflects the difference between two

The Culture of Today and the Dionysian Society Essays

Foreseeing the future, pain, drugs and alcohol. It all sounds like elements in the plot of a Hollywood movie. These elements, however, are not of a movie, but of the past of a society. â€Å"The Pueblos of New Mexico†, an essay written by Ruth Benedict talks of these different societies. Dionysian, derived from the Greek god of wine Dionysus, perceives values through â€Å"the annihilation of the ordinary bounds and limits of existence† (517). The Dionysian culture holds values that approve recklessness, glorification, states of emotional excess, and a general passion to break through the usual routine of everyday life. This society is one that has very similar characteristics to the societies of today. The frequent use of drugs and alcohol,†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"They valued all violent experience, all means by which human beings may break through the usual sensory routine, and to all such experiences they attributed the highest value† (518). Dionysian cultures did many horrifying things to themselves. Cutting strips of skin off of their arms, cutting fingers off and going without food and water for days were some of the things that the people of the Dionysian cultures did. Today, violence is a major part of one society’s existence. Gangs today rely very highly on violence for survival. Not only do they hurt the people outside of their gang, but they also hurt those inside of it. In order to be â€Å"initiated† into the gang, one would have to suffer through the torturous beatings of his fellow gang members. â€Å"†¦if he was seeking his vision by torture†¦someone had to go out with him to tie him to the pole from which he was to swing†¦ his helper did his part and left him alone for his ordeal.† This resembles the rituals of the gangs. The gang members recruit the new members in, and lead him before the rest of the gang, and then leave him alone for his ordeal. Drugs and alco hol are a huge part in the lifestyles of the Dionysians. The experiences that they wanted were â€Å"†¦often sought openly by means of drugs and alcohol.† (521) Many times, the Dionysian cultures used mind-altering substances in order to getShow MoreRelatedWestern Civilization and Happiness and Justice829 Words   |  3 PagesHow can Western Civilization avert decline and promote happiness and justice? In a world of political and celebrity scandals from the raunchy to the greedy, our culture is full of corruption and an obsession with fame. Henrik Ibsen’s Hedda Gabler and Sylvia Plath’s â€Å"The Colossus† both explore the West’s moral blindness and our paralysis of feeling and thought in the twentieth century. Western civilization is becoming a wildfire fueled by tragic ignorance, societal norms and corruption. 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In The Birth of Tragedy, Nietzsche argues that the worship of music through the art form of tragedy in the Hellenic culture stands for an immediate and direct satisfaction of impulsesRead MoreWhat Did I Notice About Myself? Essay1574 Words   |  7 Pagesperceive, think, feel, and behave, before beginning to understand the shared assumptions, or culture, of an organisation. He writes, â€Å"if we understand culture, we will understand ourselves, who we are, the groups we identify with and to which we want to belong† (p. 10). The culture of my current organisation is helping me to understand myself better by encouraging me to think more critically. The culture is respectful, flexible and teamwork focused. It supports learning opportunities and employeeRead MorePost Modernism vs. Modernism870 Words   |  4 Pageslooks at the ideas behind modernism and questions whether they really exist. (wikipedia) Modernism began in the early 1800s. 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Natural Threats To Coral Reef Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

Coral Reef, coastal and pelagic ecosystem renowned for its beautiful life signifiers and for supplying one of the most biologically diverse home grounds on Earth. A reef is a ridge or outcrop of stone in the sea that comes near to the surface. A coral reef is a reef that has been built mostly or wholly by corals, bantam animate beings that live together in settlements. We will write a custom essay sample on Natural Threats To Coral Reef Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Over 100s or 1000s of old ages the limestone skeletons of coral physique up, with new corals turning on the skeletons of the dead 1s. This physical construction, with its populating surface of corals and other beings, is a coral reef. The corals that build reefs are found merely in warm tropical Waterss where sea temperatures seldom fall below 18 A ; deg ; C ( 64 A ; deg ; F ) . They thrive merely in clear seawater where bright sunshine can perforate. This is because corals can non be without the symbiotic algae called zooxanthellae that live in coral tissues and necessitate sunshine for photosynthesis. Many reefs are found around islands, or rather far from land at the border of Continental shelves. Some of the most extended countries of coral reefs are found in the Pacific Ocean, around the islands of Southeast Asia and off the seashore of Australia. Large countries of coral reef are besides found in the Indian Ocean and around the Red Sea and Arabian Sea. Many coral reefs besides exist in the Caribbean Sea. Because their skeletons are made of limestone, corals leave clear and abundant dodos. Some of the earliest signifiers of life-mound- or pillar-shaped fossilised stones known as stromatolites-resemble corals. The oldest stromatolites day of the month back 3.5 billion old ages. They were laid down by some of the simplest beings on Earth-blue-green algae ( besides known as blue-green algae ) . About 560 million old ages ago, limestone reefs built by bacteriums, algae, and sponges foremost appeared. The first complex corals, known as tabulate corals, are recorded at approximately 500 million old ages ago. The corals we know today foremost appeared about 220 million old ages ago, before the age of the dinosaurs. The first true coral reefs began to look about 205 million to 210 million old ages ago. Since this clip there have been several periods of major reef-building, but besides periods when corals declined and did non construct reefs. In all, shallow coral reefs occupy merely about 284,000 sq kilometer ( 110,000 sq myocardial infarction ) , or less than tenth part of 1 per centum ( 0.1 per centum ) of the universe ‘s oceans. Yet in this bantam country, coral reefs house a one-fourth of all marine fish species. Reefs are extremely productive resources for human existences. Hundreds of 1000000s of people live within easy range of coral reefs and trust on them to supply nutrient. Coral reefs besides help protect human colonies from big moving ridges during storms. Types of coral reef: Scientists have identified many types of coral reefs. They are known as spot reefs, fringing reefs, barrier reefs, bank reefs, and atolls. Patch reefs occur along a Continental shelf where mound-shaped knolls on the sea floor are near plenty to the surface to let corals to settle and turn. Fringing reefs occur along a bouldery coastline where corals or coral remains extend outward from the shore and organize an outmost line or ridge that runs parallel to the shore. After many centuries, the reef may turn up to the sea surface. As Marine animals, the corals can non turn above the surface. An unusual type of reef is the coral atoll. This is a big, shallow bank, with a depression in the center, typically annular. The British naturalist Charles Darwin right theorized how coral atolls are formed. Coral atolls get down as fringing reefs about active Oceanic vents. When the volcanic eruptions cease, an island remains. Over long geological periods the island begins to drop. The fringing reef continues to turn as the island sinks. Soon what was a fringing reef around the shore becomes a barrier reef separated from the shriveling island by a deeper laguna. After 1000s of old ages, the volcanic island sinks wholly below sea degree, but the corals continue to turn, organizing a round coral reef, an atoll. Conditionss for coral growing: Corals in general are found in all seas and oceans, even in deep oceans and cold Waterss. Reef-building corals, by contrast, require quite specific conditions in order to boom. None are found in countries where the H2O temperature drops much below 18 A ; deg ; C ( 64 A ; deg ; F ) for more than a few yearss. Likewise, although some species in the Arabian Sea on a regular basis encounter temperatures of 36 A ; deg ; C ( 96.8 A ; deg ; F ) , more usually corals are adapted to boom in a much smaller temperature scope. Apart from temperature, corals besides require clear Waterss. This is partially because they need sunlight to back up the algae that live within their tissues. They are besides really sensitive to atoms of clay or deposit subsiding on them, which means that corals seldom grow close to rivers or other beginnings of deposit. Menaces to Coral Reef: Natural Threats to Coral Reef: Reefs have ever been capable to natural menaces. Storms and hurricanes on a regular basis sweep across some tropical countries, conveying monolithic moving ridges capable of nailing corals even at deepnesss of 10 m ( 33 foot ) or more. Heavy rainfall can besides harm corals by conveying fresh H2O and deposits onto the reefs. Certain animals eat coral. This is normally a natural procedure on a coral reef, but one animal, the crown-of-thorns sea star, sometimes reaches plague proportions and can destruct all living coral on a reef in a few hebdomads. These pestilences may be natural, and reefs can surely retrieve. However, many scientists believe that overfishing of the natural marauders of these starfish may be declining the job. Starfish populations may besides be turning because they benefit from increased fresh H2O and deposits. Human Threats to Coral Reefs: The great majority of human menaces to coral reefs falls into four classs: pollution, deposit, overfishing, and planetary heating. Corals are susceptible to assorted signifiers of pollution, but likely the most common is merely the flow of foods from untreated sewerage and from agricultural land, particularly where there is heavy usage of pesticides or fertiliser. These foods cause big additions in algae, both in the plankton and in algae turning on the seafloor, which so smother the corals or barricade out the visible radiation. The sum of deposits making the sea has increased quickly over the past hundred old ages or more. This can be linked to the loss of woods and the development of new agricultural techniques that lay the land unfastened to rain and eroding. The deposits are swept into the oceans through rivers and watercourses and, like the algae, can surround and kill the coral. Fishing has been traveling on around coral reefs for 1000s of old ages. Problems arise when excessively many people try to catch fish from the reefs, or when, frequently out of despair, they turn to destructive steps to capture fish. The rapid growing of human populations, combined with the development of progressively efficient angling methods, means that reefs in many countries are overfished. The reefs have fewer and smaller fish than in the yesteryear, a catastrophe both for the reef ecosystem and for the fishers. In a few topographic points, notably in Southeast Asia, some fishers use explosives to capture fish. These explosives kill all fish within a certain country, every bit good as destructing the corals nearby. It takes many old ages for these damaged countries to retrieve. Coral Reef Protection: Despite these menaces, coral reefs can be protected. The consequences of this protection are good for people every bit good as for the reefs. In topographic points where there is chronic overfishing, better, more sustainable direction patterns can increase the entire fish Numberss, leting for more fish to reproduce and raising the gimmicks of the fishers. Sewage intervention and better direction of land countries can assist cut down pollution and deposit, leting reefs to retrieve from degraded provinces. The most of import tools for coral reef preservation are instruction and the constitution of protected countries. Closing off even comparatively little countries of coral reefs to fishing can hold dramatic consequences. Large Numberss of fish build up in these countries and spill over to the environing reefs, where fishers may catch them. These same countries become valuable finishs for tourers as they offer chances to see the reefs. They are besides likely to be of import countries to back up the recovery of reefs when there is devastation of reef countries through natural impacts or coral bleaching. As of 2005 more than 660 coral reefs were being protected, including two of the universe ‘s largest protected areas-the Great Barrier Reef off Australia and the coral reefs of the northwest Hawaiian Islands. The 660 protected reefs represent about 19 per centum of the universe ‘s coral reefs. Some reefs appear to be more resilient to coral decoloring than others. The protection of these reefs from other harmful human impacts will be critical, non merely for their ain endurance, but besides because these same reefs may supply new corals to repopulate damaged reefs. But in the long tally, denominating coral reefs as protected zones will non save any reefs from the planetary effects of clime alteration. Merely drastic decreases in nursery gas emanations, peculiarly C dioxide emanations, can protect coral reefs from the dangers of planetary heating. How to cite Natural Threats To Coral Reef Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples

Clinical Reasoning Is Stepwise Processâ€Free Samples for Students

Question: What Is The Clinical Reasoning Is Stepwise Process? Answer: Introduction: Clinical reasoning is synonymous with the clinical judgment, problem solving, decision making and critical thinking in nursing practice. Clinical reasoning is stepwise process with incorporation of steps to collect cues and information, to process collected information, to understand problems, to identify patients correct complication, to plan and implement nursing interventions and to evaluate outcomes. Based on the condition of the patient, these steps should be modified. Outcome of the nursing intervention depends on the clinical reasoning. Clinical reasoning is the result oriented approach. Incorrect assessment and diagnosis of the patient can result in the administration of wrong treatment. For providing effective nursing intervention to Katie, clinical reasoning is implemented for her assessment and management. Nurse should follow all the steps like collection of information, understanding exact problem, planning and implementing nursing intervention (Cooper and Frain, 2016). A ll the steps required for clinical reasoning of Katie are discussed in this essay. Pharmacological, social and psychological aspects of Katie are discussed in this essay. Nurse should have strong knowledge and skills of these aspects to execute clinical reasoning in Katie. Discussion: Persons situation: Katie is admitted to hospital because she has sustained haematoma due to hit by slow moving car 18 hours ago. In her assessment, it was evident that she had traumatic brain injury. Patients with traumatic brain injury are associated with symptoms like intracranial hemorrhage and haematoma. Haematoma in patients with traumatic brain injury can be detected in first four hours and approximately 50 % with traumatic brain injury are susceptible to haematoma. It is less likely that persons of Katies age are less prone to brain injury in comparison with people with older age. In older people, brain injury can occur because of fall. Moreover, recovery from brain injury is faster in persons of Katies age in comparison to the older people. People of Katies age can recover from brain injury within 5 hours (Qureshi et al., 2015; Plata et al., 2008). Collect cues and information: Katies handover indicated that her vital signs were as follows : heart rate - 89 beats per minute, respiratory rate 13 breaths per minute and oxygen saturation (Sp02) - 96 %. All these values reflects normal pulse rate, breathing rate and oxygen saturation level in Katie. Her Glasgow Coma Score was recorded as 14. Her recorded blood pressure was abnormal with raised systolic blood pressure and reduced diastolic blood pressure. She also had complication of memory loss because she was not remembering current things and regaining memory with prompting. Brain injury can affect pupillary size and vision because brain injury can affect retina. In the provided handover information about the pupillary size and vision were missing. Patients with traumatic brain injury are prone to pyrexia and increase in the intracranial pressure. However, there was no mention of temperature and intracranial pressure in her handover. Due to injury, there may be possibility of blood loss, hence blood paramete rs like haematology full blood count and coagulation screening should have been carried put in her. However, these parameters were missing from her handover. There was no information about blood sugar level and urinary output by use of catheter. Information of the medicines administered to Katie is not available in her handover. This information about medicines would have been useful in planning further course of nursing action (Moppett, 2007). She was having long history of painful ankle, however she was keeping herself away from taking medicine for pain relief. Process information: From the provided information it can be interpreted that her heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation were normal. Heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation should be in the range of 70- 100 beats per minute, 12 20 breaths per minute and above 94 % respectively in the Katies age person. Subdural haematoma patients are prone to develop hypertension and bradycardia. Katies heart rate was normal. From the provided data, it is evident that Katie also developed systolic hypertension. Katie developed mild coma because her Glasgow Coma score fall in the range of 13 14. This coma score reflected mild coma. Traumatic brain injury also affects respiratory system like hypoxia. Katies oxygen saturation level was normal (Adams, 2010). Identify problems/issues: It is evident that, Katie is not remembering recent things. Hence, she is having memory loss. Extent of memory loss can be obtained by performing computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in Katie. Diagnosis of bleeding disorders should be performed in Katie by using thrombocytopenia test. If surgery needs to be performed in Katie, she should be administered with blood. For this, matching blood group should be identified for her. Artificial intubation should be used in Katie because traumatic brain injury can lead to hypoxia development. Central venous catheter should be used her to measure intracranial blood pressure because traumatic brain injury patients can develop raised intracranial blood pressure. (Blissitt, 2006). Katies age persons are not usually associated with hypertension, memory loss, hyperpyrexia, hypercarbia, renal complications, proprioceptive dysfunction, sensory sensing disorder, facial palsy and paralysis. However, Katie already developed hypertension and memory loss. Due to traumatic brain injury, she is prone developing hyperpyrexia, hypercarbia, renal complications, proprioceptive dysfunction, sensory sensing disorder, facial palsy and paralysis. There is no requirement of artificial intubation and blood loading in persons of Katies age. However, due to brain injury, Katie may need supplemental oxygen and blood transfusion (Moppett, 2007, Ponsford et al., 2008). Detail the assessment: Nurse should set achievable goals for Katie. Nurse should be aimed at maintaining normal blood pressure, oxygen saturation and respiratory rate in Katie. Nurse should assess Katie for physical and vital signs. Blood pressure and hypoxia condition should be assessed by using blood pressure apparatus and arterial blood gas (ABG) test respectively. If these tests indicate abnormal values, nurse should amend management plan accordingly. Nurse should assess blood pressure and hypoxia condition before and after administration of the medications and medical management like artificial intubation. Nurse should work in collaboration with psychologist to manage her speech problem and memory loss. Memory loss should be evaluated in Katie by giving different types of tasks to her. These tasks would be helpful in the assessment of extent and type of memory loss (Schultheis and Whipple, 2014). Paralysis should be evaluated in Katie by assessing reaction time to particular task. Nurse should evaluat e 24 hour urine output in her by using catheter because she developed cardiovascular complications due to brain injury. Intracranial pressure should be evaluated in her by using central venous catheter. Based on the results obtained for intracranial pressure, nurse should consult doctor for surgery Conclusion: Nurse should be well aware of the entire medical, clinical and nursing knowledge and skills for effective practice of clinical reasoning. In case of Katie, nurse collected all the information related to physical and vital signs assessment. Nurse analyzed data and interpreted it to know exact nursing problem of Katie. This identification of the exact problem, helped nurse to plan nursing care for Katie. From the collected data, nurse separated normal and abnormal condition in Katie. Normal conditions comprises of heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation level. Abnormal conditions comprises of memory loss and mild coma. Katies handover would have been made more informative by incorporating information about pupillary size, pyrexia, central venous pressure, blood count and coagulation. It has been suggested that assessment for pupillary size, pyrexia, central venous pressure, blood count and coagulation should have been performed in Katie. Effective implementation of the clini cal reasoning can be achieved by using this stepwise approach. Nurse should think in an analytical and logical way to provide nursing care to Katie. Nurse should not focus only on the provided information. Nurse should identify missing information which would be helpful in identification of the exact problem of Katie. This additional information can be useful in modifying nursing intervention to be provided to nurse. Thus lateral thinking would be helpful in implementing complete and holistic care to Katie. Success rate of collection of information from Katie can be increased by implementation of reflective communication with Katie and giving information to Katie about her diseased condition and possible outcomes. In summary, effective implementation of clinical reasoning can be helpful in identifying problems in Katie and providing targeted nursing intervention. References: Adams, J.P. (2010). Non-neurological complications of brain injury". In John P. Adams; Dominic Bell; Justin McKinlay. Neurocritical care : a guide to practical management. London: Springer. pp. 7788. Blissitt, P.A. (2006). Care of the critically ill patient with penetrating head injury. Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America, 18(3), 32132. Carone, D., and Bush, S.S. (2012). Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Symptom Validity Assessment and Malingering. Springer Publishing Company. Cooper, N., and Frain, J. (2016). ABC of Clinical Reasoning. John Wiley Sons. Guy, R., Furmanov, A., Itshayek, E., Shoshan, Y., and Singh, V. (2014). Assessment of a noninvasive cerebral oxygenation monitor in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neurosurgery, 120(4), 901907. Moppett, I.K. (2007). Traumatic brain injury: Assessment, resuscitation and early management. British Journal of Anaesthesiology, 99(1), 1831. Plata, C.M., Hart, T., Hammond, F.M., Frol, A., et al., (2008). Impact of Age on Long-term Recovery From Traumatic Brain Injury. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 89(5), 896903. Ponsford, J., Draper, K., and Schonberger, M. (2008). Functional outcome 10 years after traumatic brain injury: its relationship with demographic, injury severity, and cognitive and emotional status. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 14(2), 233242. Qureshi, A.I., Malik, A. A., Adil, M.M., Defillo, A., Sherr, G., and Suri, K. (2015). Hematoma Enlargement Among Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: Analysis of a Prospective Multicenter Clinical Trial. Journal of vascular and interventional neurology, 8(3), 4249. Schultheis, M. T., and Whipple, E. (2014). Driving after traumatic brain injury: evaluation and rehabilitation interventions. Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports, 2(3), 176183.